Namchuk, M. N. and Withers, S. G. (1995) Biochemistry 34, 16194-16202 “Mechanism of Agrobacterium b -glucosidase: Kinetic analysis of the role of non-covalent enzyme/substrate interactions”. Pubmed
Braun, C., Brayer, G. and Withers, S. G. (1995) J. Biol. Chem. 270, 26778-26781 “Mechanism-based inhibition of yeast a -glucosidase and human pancreatic a -amylase by a new class of inhibitors: 2-deoxy-2,2-difluoro a -glycosides”. Pubmed
Withers, S. G. (1995) Proceedings of the Carbohydrate Bioengineering Meeting, Elsinore, Denmark “Probing of glycosidase active sites through labeling, mutagenesis and kinetic studies” .
Wang, Q. and Withers, S. G. (1995) J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 117, 10137-10138 “Substrate-assisted catalysis in glycosidases”.
Gebler, J. C., Trimbur, D. E., Warren, R. A. J., Aebersold, R., Namchuk, M. and Withers, S. G. (1995) Biochemistry 34, 14547-14553 “Substrate-induced inactivation of a crippled b -glucosidase mutant: identification of the labelled amino acid and mutagenic analysis of its role”. Pubmed
Wang, Q., Trimbur, D., Warren, R. A. J. and Withers, S. G. (1995) Biochemistry 34, 14554-14562 “Identification of the acid/base catalyst in Agrobacterium faecalis b -glucosidase by kinetic analysis of mutants”. Pubmed
Staedtler, P., Hoenig, S., Frank, R., Withers, S. G. and Hengstenberg, W. (1995) Eur. J. Biochem. 232, 658-663 “Identification of the active site nucleophile in 6-phospho-b-galactosidase of Staphylococcus aureus by labeling with synthetic inhibitors”. Pubmed
Withers, S. G. (1995) ACS Symposium Series #619 Biochemical and Biotechnological Applications of Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry, 365-380 “Identification of active site residues in glycosidases”.
Brayer, G.D., Luo, Y. and Withers, S.G. (1995) Protein Science 4, 1730-1742 “The Structure of Human Pancreatic a -Amylase at 1.8Å Resolution and Comparisons with Related Enzymes”. Pubmed
Street, I. P. and Withers, S. G. (1995) Biochem. J. 308, 1017-1023 “Probing the ionization state of substrate a -D-glucopyranosyl phosphate bound to glycogen phosphorylase b”. Pubmed
Knapp, S., Dong, Y., Rupitz, K. and Withers, S. G. (1995) Bioorg. Med. Chem. Letts. 5, 763-766 “b- Glucosidase inhibitors incorporating pyridinium as a glucosyl mimic”.
Ziser, L., Setyawati, I. and Withers, S. G. (1995) Carbohydr. Res. 274, 137-153 “Syntheses and testing of substrates and mechanism-based inactivators for xylanases”. Pubmed
Braun, C. and Withers, S. G. (1995) Carbohydr. Res. 271, 113-118 “An assay for the transferase activity of glycogen debranching enzyme”. Pubmed
Withers, S. G. (1995) Pure and Applied Chemistry 67, 1673-1682 “Enzymatic cleavage of glycosides: how does it happen?”
Withers, S. G. and Aebersold, R. (1995) Protein Science (Invited review) 4, 361-372 “Approaches to labeling and identification of active site residues in glycosidases”. Pubmed
Damude, H. G., Withers, S. G., Kilburn, D. G., Miller, R. C. Jr. and Warren, R. A. J. (1995) Biochemistry 34, 2220-2224 “Site-directed mutation of the putative catalytic residues of endoglucanase CenA from Cellulomonas fimi”. Pubmed
Lindhorst, T. K., Braun, C. and Withers, S. G. (1995) Carbohydr. Res. 268, 93-106 “Syntheses of 4′-deoxy- a -maltosyl fluoride and 4″-deoxy- a -maltotriosyl fluoride as probes of a -glucanotransferase mechanisms”.
Tull, D., Miao, S., Withers, S. G. and Aebersold, R. (1995) Anal. Biochem. 224, 509-514 “Identification of derivatized peptides without radiolabels: tandem mass spectrometric localization of the tagged active site nucleophiles of two cellulases and a b -glucosidase”. Pubmed
McCarter, J., Adam, M. and Withers, S. G. (1995) Carbohydr. Res. 266, 273-277 “Syntheses, radiolabelling and kinetic evaluation of 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-2-iodo-D-hexoses for medical imaging”.
McCarter, J. and Withers, S. G. (1994) Current Opinion in Structural Biology (Invited review) 4, 885-892 “Mechanisms of enzymatic glycoside hydrolysis”. Pubmed
Wang, Q., Graham, R., Trimbur, D., Warren, R.A.J. and Withers, S. G. (1994) J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 116, 11594-11595 “Changing enzymatic reaction mechanisms by mutagenesis: conversion of a retaining glucosidase to an inverting enzyme”.
Lai, E. C. K. and Withers, S. G. (1994) Biochemistry 33, 14743-14749 “The stereochemistry and kinetics of hydration of 2-acetamido-D-glucal by b -N-acetylhexosaminidases”. Pubmed
White, A., Gilkes, N., Withers, S. G. and Rose, D. (1994) Biochemistry 33, 12546-12552 “The crystal structure of an exo-xylanase/glucanase from Cellulomonas fimi”. Pubmed
Knapp, S., Purandare, A., Rupitz, K. and Withers, S. G. (1994) J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 116, 7461-7462 “A (1-4) ‘trehazoloid’ glucosidase inhibitor with aglycon selectivity”.
Schnabelrauch, M., Vasella, A. and Withers, S. G. (1994) Helv. Chim. Acta. 77, 778-799 “Synthesis and evaluation as irreversible glycosidase inhibitors of mono and oligo(glycosylthio)benzoquinones”.
Zhang, S., Okamura-Oho, Y., Yaghi, F., McCarter, J. D., Withers, S. G. and Callahan, J. W. (1994) Biochem. J. 304, 281-288 “Kinetic mechanism and characterisation of the human lysosomal b -galactosidase precursor secreted by permanently transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells”. Pubmed
Miao, S., Ziser, L., Aebersold, R. and Withers, S. G. (1994) Biochemistry 33, 7027-7032 “Identification of glutamic acid 78 as the active site nucleophile in Bacillus subtilis xylanase using electrospray tandem mass spectrometry”. Pubmed
Ziser, L. and Withers, S. G. (1994) Carbohydr. Res. 265, 9-17. “A short synthesis of b -xylobiosides”
Wang, Q., Dechert, U., Jirik, F. and Withers, S. G. (1994) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 200, 577-583 “Suicide inactivation of human prostatic acid phosphatase and a phosphotyrosine phosphatase”. Pubmed
MacLeod, A., Lindhorst, T., Withers, S. G. and Warren, R. A. J. (1994) Biochemistry 33, 6371-6376 “The acid/base catalyst in the exoglucanase/xylanase from Cellulomonas fimi is Glu 127: evidence from detailed kinetic studies of mutants”. Pubmed
Tull, D. and Withers S. G. (1994) Biochemistry 33, 6363-6370 “Mechanisms of cellulases and xylanases: A detailed kinetic study of the exo- b -1,4-glycanase from Cellulomonas fimi”. Pubmed
Miao, S., McCarter, J. D., Grace, M., Grabowski, G., Aebersold, R. and Withers, S. G. (1994) J. Biol. Chem. 269, 10975-10978 “Identification of Glu 340 as the active site nucleophile in human glucocerebrosidase by use of electrospray tandem mass spectrometry”. Pubmed
McCarter, J., Adam, M. J., Hartman, N. G. and Withers, S. G. (1994) Biochem. J. 301, 343-348 “In vivo inhibition of b -glucosidase and b -mannosidase activity in rats by 2-deoxy-2-fluoro- b -glycosyl fluorides and recovery of activity in vivo and in vitro” Pubmed
Vasella, A., Ermert, Ph., Hoos, R., Naughton, A. B., Rupitz, K., Thiel, W., Weber, M., Weber, W. and Withers, S. G. (1994) Proceedings of the Alfred Benzon Symposium 36, Editors K. Bock & H. Clausen, Munksgaard, Copenhagen, Denmark, p 134-150 “Synthesis and evaluation of new glycosidase inhibitors”.
Withers, S. G., Tull, D., Gebler, J., Braun, C., Aebersold, R., Wang, Q., Warren, R. A. J., Kilburn, D. G. and Gilkes, N. R. (1993) Editors, Suominen and Reinikainen, Foundation for Biotechnical and Industrial Fermentation Research, Helsinki, Finland, p 117-123 “Mechanistic Studies on Cellulases” in ” Trichoderma reesei Cellulases and other Hydrolases”.
Hoos, R., Naughton, A. B., Thiel, W., Vasella, A., Weber, W., Rupitz, K. and Withers S. G. (1993) Helvetica Chimica Acta 76, 2666-2686 “D-Gluconhydroximo-1,5-lactam and related N-arylcarbamates. Theoretical calculations, structure, synthesis, and inhibitory effect on b -glucosidases”.
Ermert, Ph., Vasella, A., Weber, M., Rupitz, K. and Withers, S. G. (1993) Carbohydr. Res. 250, 113-128 “Configurationally selective transition state analogue inhibitors of glycosidases. A study with nojiritetrazoles, a new class of glycosidase inhibitors”.
Black, T. S., Kiss, L., Tull, D. and Withers, S. G. (1993) Carbohydr. Res. 250, 195-202 “N-Bromoacetyl glycopyranosylamines as affinity labels for a b -glucosidase and a cellulase”. Pubmed
Braun, C., Meinke, A., Ziser, L. and Withers, S. G. (1993) Anal. Biochem. 212, 259-262 “Simultaneous High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Determination of both the Cleavage Pattern and the Stereochemical Outcome of the Hydrolysis Reactions Catalysed by Various Glycosidases”. Pubmed
Wang, Q., Tull, D., Meinke, A., Gilkes, N. R., Warren, R. A. J., Aebersold, R. and Withers, S. G. (1993) J. Biol. Chem. 268, 14096-14102 “Glu-280 is the nucleophile in the active site of Clostridium thermocellum Cel C, a Family A Endo b -1,4-glucanase”. Pubmed
McCarter, J., Adam, M., Braun, C., Namchuk, M., Tull, D. and Withers, S. G. (1993) Carbohydr. Res. 249, 77-90 “Syntheses of 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-mono- and oligosaccharide glycosides from glycals and evaluation as glycosidase inhibitors”. Pubmed
Burk, D., Wang, Y., Dombroski, D., Berghuis, A., Evans, S. V., Luo, Y., Withers, S. G. and Brayer, G. D. (1993) J. Mol. Biol. 230, 1084-1085 “Isolation, crystallisation and preliminary diffraction analysis of human pancreatic a -amylase”. Pubmed
Trimbur, D., Warren, R. A. J. and Withers, S. G. (1993) in ACS Symposium Series b -Glucosidases; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 533, 42-55 “A b -glucosidase from an Agrobacterium sp. : structure and biochemistry”.
Stirtan, W. and Withers, S. G. (1993) Carbohydr. Res. 249, 253-258 “Direct 19 F-NMR titration of phosphorylase molecules binding to fluorine-labelled glycogen particles”.
Challoner, R., McDowell, C.A., Stirtan, W. and Withers, S.G. (1993) Biophys. J. 64, 484-491 “A solid state 31 P-NMR investigation of the allosteric transition in glycogen phosphorylase b”. Pubmed
Bedarkar, S., Gilkes, N. R., Kilburn, D. G., Kwan, E., Rose, D. R., Miller, R. C. Jr., Warren, R. A. J. and Withers, S. G. (1992) J. Mol. Biol. 228, 693-695 “Crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis of the catalytic domain of Cex, an exo- b -1,4-glucanase and b -1-4-xylanase from the bacterium Cellulomonas fimi”. Pubmed
McCarter, J., Adam, M. and Withers, S. G. (1992) J. Labelled Compounds and Radiopharmaceuticals 31, 1005 – 1009 “Synthesis of 2-deoxy-2-{ 18 F}-fluoro- b -mannosyl { 18 F}-fluoride as a potential imaging probe for glycosidases”.
Withers, S. G., Rupitz, K., Trimbur, D. and Warren, R. A. J. (1992) Biochemistry 31, 9979-9985 “Mechanistic consequences of mutation of the active site nucleophile Glu 358 in Agrobacterium b -glucosidase”. Pubmed
Street, I. P., Kempton, J. B. and Withers, S. G. (1992) Biochemistry 31, 9970-9978 “Inactivation of a b -glucosidase through the accumulation of a stable 2-deoxy-2-fluoro- a -D-glucopyranosyl-enzyme intermediate: a detailed investigation”. Pubmed
Kempton, J. B. and Withers, S. G. (1992) Biochemistry 31, 9961-9969 “Mechanism of Agrobacterium b -glucosidase: Kinetic studies”. Pubmed
Gebler, J., Gilkes, N. R., Claeyssens, M., Wilson, D. B., Beguin, P., Wakarchuk, W., Kilburn, D. G., Miller, R. C. Jr., Warren, R. A. J., and Withers, S. G. (1992) J. Biol. Chem. 267, 12259-12261 “Stereoselective hydrolysis catalysed by related b -1,4-glucanases and b -1,4-xylanases”. Pubmed
Sprang, S. R., Madsen, N. B. and Withers, S. G. (1992) Protein Science 1, 1100-1111 “Multiple phosphate positions in the catalytic site of glycogen phosphorylase: structure of the pyridoxal -5′- pyrophosphate coenzyme-substrate analog”. Pubmed
McCarter, J., Adam, M. and Withers, S. G. (1992) Biochem. J. 286, 721-727 “Binding energy and catalysis: fluorinated and deoxygenated glycosides as mechanistic probes of Escherichia coli (lac z) b -galactosidase”. Pubmed
Gebler, J. C., Aebersold, R. and Withers, S. G. (1992) J. Biol. Chem. 267, 11126-11130 “Glu 537, not Glu 461 is the nucleophile in the active site of (lac z) b -galactosidase from Escherichia coli”. Pubmed
Trimbur, D., Warren, R. A. J. and Withers, S. G. (1992) J. Biol. Chem. 267, 10248-10251 “Region-directed mutagenesis of residues surrounding the active site nucleophile in b -glucosidase from Agrobacterium faecalis”. Pubmed
Percival, M.D. and Withers, S.G. (1992) J. Org. Chem. 57, 811-817 “Synthesis and testing of sugar phosphofluoridates and cyclic phosphates as inhibitors of phosphoglucomutase”.
Withers, S.G., Street, I.P. and Percival, M.D. (Book Chapter) ” 19 F-NMR studies of fluorosugar-protein interactions”, Editors V. Reinhold & D. Cumming, Academic Press Inc.
Percival, M.D. and Withers, S.G. (1992) Biochemistry 31, 505-512 “19 F-NMR investigations of the catalytic mechanism of phosphoglucomutase using fluorinated substrates and inhibitors”. Pubmed
Percival, M.D. and Withers, S.G. (1992) Biochemistry 31, 498-505 “Binding energy and catalysis: deoxyfluoro sugars as probes of hydrogen bonding in phosphoglucomutase”. Pubmed
Sprang, S.R., Withers, S.G., Goldsmith, E.J., Fletterick, R.J. and Madsen, N.B. (1991) Science 254, 1367-1371 “Structural basis for the activation of glycogen phosphorylase by adenosine monophosphate”. Pubmed
Tull, D., Withers, S.G., Gilkes, N. R., Kilburn, D. G., Warren, R.A.J. and Aebersold. R. (1991) J. Biol. Chem. 266, 15621-15625 “Glutamic acid 274 is the nucleophile in the active site of a “retaining” exo-glucanase from Cellulomonas fimi”. Pubmed
Withers, S.G. and Umezawa, K. (1991) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 177, 532-537 “Cyclophellitol: A naturally occuring mechanism-based inactivator of b -glucosidases”. Pubmed
Liu, W., Madsen, N.B., Braun, C. and Withers, S.G. (1991) Biochemistry 30, 1419-1424 “Reassessment of the catalytic mechanism of glycogen debranching enzyme”. Pubmed